Offshore Wind Plants |
Copyright Ó 2010 Deniz özkan |
No |
Plant |
Country |
Year |
# of turbines |
Turbine Model |
Rotor m. |
Rated kW |
Capacity MW |
MWh/yr |
Foundation |
Distance to Shore |
Water Depth m. |
Hub Height m. |
Capital Cost Real (2009€) €/kW |
Capital Cost Real (2009$) $/kW |
1 |
Sweden |
1990 |
1 |
Wind World |
25 |
220 |
0.22 |
|
Tripod |
350 m. |
6 |
37.5 |
|
|
|
2 |
Denmark |
1991 |
11 |
Bonus |
35 |
450 |
4.95 |
11,000 |
Gravity |
1.5-3 km. |
2.5-5 |
37.5 |
€ 3,099 |
$4,338 |
|
3 |
Netherlands |
1994 |
4 |
NedWind |
40 |
500 |
2 |
4,000 |
Monopile |
800 m. |
4-5 |
39 |
€ 3,009 |
$4,213 |
|
4 |
Denmark |
1995 |
10 |
Vestas V |
39 |
500 |
5 |
14,000 |
Gravity |
6 km. |
3-5 |
40.5 |
€ 2,702 |
$3,783 |
|
5 |
Netherlands |
1996 |
28 |
Nordtank |
43 |
600 |
16.8 |
36,700 |
Monopile |
30 m. |
1-2 |
50 |
€ 1,559 |
$2,183 |
|
6 |
Sweden |
1998 |
5 |
Wind World |
37 |
550 |
2.75 |
8,300 |
Monopile |
4 km. |
6 |
40 |
€ 2,126 |
$2,977 |
|
7 |
Sweden |
2000 |
7 |
Enron Wind |
70 |
1500 |
10.5 |
36,900 |
Monopile |
12 km. |
7-10 |
65 |
€ 1,595 |
$2,233 |
|
8 |
UK |
2000 |
2 |
VestasV |
66 |
2000 |
4 |
15,000 |
Monopile |
1 km. |
5-6 |
58 |
€ 1,904 |
$2,666 |
|
9 |
Denmark |
2001 |
20 |
Bonus |
76 |
2000 |
40 |
101,000 |
Gravity |
2-3 km. |
2-6 |
60 |
€ 1,501 |
$2,102 |
|
10 |
Sweden |
2001 |
5 |
NEG-Micon |
72 |
2000 |
10 |
30,000 |
Monopile |
5 km. |
8 |
60 |
€ 1,531 |
$2,143 |
|
11 |
Denmark |
2002 |
80 |
Vestas V |
80 |
2000 |
160 |
677,000 |
Monopile |
14-20 km. |
6-14 |
70 |
€ 1,943 |
$2,721 |
|
12 |
Denmark |
2003 |
4 |
Vestas V |
80 |
2000 |
|
|
|
3 km. |
|
78-78.8 |
|
$1,837 |
|
12 |
Ronland |
Denmark |
2003 |
4 |
Bonus |
82.4 |
2300 |
17.2 |
70,000 |
Monopile |
3 |
€ 1,312 |
$1,837 |
||
13 |
Denmark |
2003 |
10 |
Bonus |
82.4 |
2300 |
23 |
86,000 |
Monopile |
3.5 km. |
11-18 |
61 |
€ 1,584 |
$2,218 |
|
14 |
Denmark |
2003 |
2 |
Vestas V |
90 |
3000 |
|
|
Bucket / Monopile |
|
|
|
|
|
|
14 |
Frederikshaven |
Denmark |
2003 |
1 |
Nordex |
90 |
2300 |
|
|
Monopile |
|
|
|
|
|
14 |
Frederikshaven |
Denmark |
2003 |
1 |
Bonus |
82 |
2300 |
10.6 |
30,000 |
Monopile |
500 m. |
1 |
80 |
|
|
15 |
Denmark |
2003 |
72 |
Bonus |
82.4 |
2300 |
165.6 |
590,000 |
Gravity |
9 km. |
6-10 |
69 |
€ 1,839 |
$2,575 |
|
16 |
Ireland |
2003 |
7 |
GEW |
104 |
3600 |
25.2 |
95,000 |
Monopile |
7-12 km. |
5 |
74 |
€ 1,367 |
$1,914 |
|
17 |
UK |
2003 |
30 |
Vestas V |
80 |
2000 |
60 |
200,000 |
Monopile |
7-8 km. |
8-12 |
67 |
€ 1,988 |
$2,783 |
|
18 |
Japan |
2004 |
2 |
Vestas V |
47 |
600 |
1.2 |
4,100 |
|
5 m. |
13 |
47 |
€ 4,499 |
$6,299 |
|
19 |
UK |
2004 |
30 |
Vestas V |
80 |
2000 |
60 |
160,000 |
Monopile |
2.3 km. |
13-20 |
68 |
€ 1,972 |
$2,760 |
|
20 |
Germany |
2004 |
1 |
Enercon E |
112 |
4500 |
4.5 |
15,000 |
Land-based |
30 m. |
2 |
100 |
|
|
|
21 |
UK |
2005 |
30 |
Vestas V |
90 |
3000 |
90 |
280,000 |
Monopile |
8-10 km. |
5 |
70 |
€ 1,801 |
$2,522 |
|
22 |
Germany |
2006 |
1 |
Nordex N |
90 |
2500 |
2.5 |
9,000 |
Land-based |
500 m. |
2 |
80 |
|
|
|
23 |
UK |
2006 |
30 |
Vestas V |
90 |
3000 |
90 |
305,000 |
Monopile |
7 km. |
15-20 |
75 |
€ 1,704 |
$2,386 |
|
24 |
Bilbao |
Spain |
2006 |
5 |
Gamesa |
|
2000 |
10 |
23,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
25 |
UK |
2006 |
2 |
Repower 5M |
126 |
5000 |
10 |
40,000 |
Lattice |
25 km. |
45 |
88 |
€ 4,337 |
$6,072 |
|
26 |
Netherlands |
2006 |
36 |
Vestas V |
90 |
3000 |
108 |
350,000 |
Monopile |
10-18 km. |
18 |
70 |
€ 1,959 |
$2,743 |
|
27 |
UK |
2007 |
25 |
Siemens SWT |
107 |
3600 |
90 |
315,000 |
Monopile |
6-10 km. |
1-8 |
88 |
€ 2,071 |
$2,900 |
|
28 |
Sweden |
2007 |
48 |
Siemens SWT |
93 |
2300 |
110.4 |
330,000 |
Gravity |
10 km. |
10 |
70 |
€ 1,858 |
$2,601 |
|
29 |
Liaodong Bay |
China |
2007 |
1 |
Goldwind |
70.5 |
1500 |
1.5 |
4,400 |
Oil Platform |
70 km. |
- |
|
|
|
30 |
Finland |
2007 |
3 |
|
100 |
|
|
|
Artificial Island / |
0-1 km. |
0-5 |
88 |
|
$2,340 |
|
30 |
Kemi Ajos |
Finland |
2008 |
7 |
WinWind |
100 |
3000 |
30 |
80,000 |
Land-based |
€ 1,671 |
$2,340 |
|||
31 |
Italy |
2008 |
1 |
Lagerwey |
18 |
80 |
0.08 |
No Grid |
Floating |
20 km. |
108 |
30 |
|
|
|
32 |
Netherlands |
2008 |
60 |
Vestas |
80 |
2000 |
120 |
435,000 |
Monopile |
23 km. |
19-24 |
59 |
€ 3,201 |
$4,481 |
|
33 |
Belgium |
2008 |
6 |
REPower |
126 |
5000 |
30 |
100,000 |
Gravity |
30 km. |
30 |
94 |
€ 4,643 |
$6,501 |
|
34 |
Germany |
2008 |
1 |
Bard VM |
122 |
5000 |
5 |
15,000 |
Tripile |
400 m. |
2-8 |
90 |
|
|
|
35 |
UK |
2008 |
54 |
Siemens |
107 |
3600 |
194.4 |
|
Monopile |
5 km. |
6-13 m. |
85 |
€ 2,010 |
$2,814 |
|
36 |
China |
2009 |
7 |
Sinovel |
90 |
3000 |
21 |
56,000 |
Monopile |
1-4 km. |
10 m. |
90 |
€ 2,400 |
$3,360 |
|
37 |
Norway |
2009 |
1 |
Siemens |
93 |
2300 |
1 |
|
Floating |
10 km. |
100 m.+ |
56 |
|
|
|
38 |
UK |
2009 |
60 |
Vestas |
90 |
3000 |
180 |
550,000 |
Monopile |
9 km. |
10 m. |
80 |
€ 2,857 |
$4,000 |
|
39 |
Germany |
2009 |
12 |
6 Multibrid / 6 REPower |
116/126 |
5000 |
60 |
260,000 |
Tripod Jacket |
43 km. |
30 m. |
90 |
€ 4,167 |
$5,834 |
|
40 |
Denmark |
2009 |
91 |
Siemens |
93 |
2300 |
209.3 |
800,000 |
Monopile |
90 km. |
9-17 m. |
68 |
€ 2,246 |
$3,144 |
|
41 |
UK |
2009 |
25 |
Siemens |
107 |
3600 |
90 |
287,000 |
Monopile |
8 km. |
4-15 m. |
75 |
€ 2,857 |
$4,000 |
|
42 |
Denmark |
2009 |
7 |
Vestas |
90 |
3000 |
21 |
50,000 |
Gravity |
2 km. |
6-16 m. |
80 |
|
|
|
43 |
Sweden |
2009 |
10 |
WinWind |
100 |
3000 |
30 |
90,000 |
Gravity |
4 km. |
3-14 m. |
90 |
|
|
|
44 |
Denmark |
2009 |
2 |
Siemens |
120 |
3600 |
7.2 |
23,800 |
Land-based |
5 m. |
1 m. |
90 |
€ 3,447 |
$4,826 |
|
Total |
|
|
861 |
|
|
|
2135 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|